Figure 1 shows a case report form that we propose for use in future marburgebola hemorrhagic fever outbreaks. Pdf response to imported case of marburg hemorrhagic. Serosurvey on household contacts of marburg hemorrhagic fever patients. Viral hemorrhagic fevers, ebola, marburg virus, lassa. Thirtyone people became ill, initially laboratory workers followed by several medical personnel and family members who had cared for them. Risk factors include exposure to african green monkeys and certain bats. Pdf marburg hemorrhagic fever associated with multiple. In africa, viral haemorrhagic fevers vhfs include lassa fever, rift valley fever, marburg and ebola haemorrhagic fevers, crimeancongo haemorrhagic fever cchf and yellow fever.
Marburg hemorrhagic fever associated with multiple genetic. Three days after a fatal case of marburg hemorrhagic fever was diagnosed in uganda, 99 people have been quarantined in four different locations across the east african country, as field. Jan 30, 2009 testing of a later sample has also shown equivocal results for previous infection, so more detailed testing of both samples was conducted and it was confirmed that the patients illness was due to marburg hemorrhagic fever virus. Marburg hemorrhagic fever marburg hf is a rare but severe hemorrhagic fever which affects both humans and nonhuman primates. Mar 07, 2018 marburg hemorrhagic fever or marburg virus is a rare, severe type of hemorrhagic fever which impacts both humans and nonhuman primates. Marburg hemorrhagic fever centers for disease control. Marburg hemorrhagic fever mhf was first described in 1967 in an outbreak in germany and the former yugoslavia that was linked to contact with monkeys imported from uganda. Reducing your chance of infection and recognizing the symptoms early can mean the difference between life and death if you or someone you know contracts marburg. Viral hemorrhagic fevers, ebola, marburg virus, lassa fever toolkit comprehensive medical encyclopedia with treatment options, clinical data, and practical information two cdrom set u. Marburg hemorrhagic fever associated with multiple genetic lineages of virus article pdf available in new england journal of medicine 3559. The causative agent of mhf is lake victoria marburgvirus marv, a filovirus similar to ebola virus. Marburg hemorrhagic fever definition of marburg hemorrhagic.
Marburg virus is the causative agent of marburg virus disease mvd, a disease with a case fatality ratio of up to 88%. Marburg virus is the causative agent of marburg haemorrhagic fever mhf. These emerging viral hemorrhagic fevers are presumed to be animal borne zoonotic and can be transmitted to humans through contact. Response to imported case of marburg hemorrhagic fever, the. The infection is caused by the marburg virus marv, an enveloped, nonsegmented, negative. Figure 1 shows a case report form that we propose for use in future marburg ebola hemorrhagic fever outbreaks. These highly infectious viruses lead to a potentially lethal disease syndrome characterized by fever, malaise, vomiting, mucosal and gastrointestinal gi bleeding, edema, and hypotension. Analysis of patient data from uige, angola, the journal of infectious diseases, volume 201, issue 12, 15 june. A detailed description of the marburg hemorrhagic fever outbreaks in the durba area has been published elsewhere 1. Isolated case of marburg virus disease, kampala, uganda, 2014. In summary, primary cases were found among gold miners, and secondary cases were found among family members. Marburg hemorrhagic fever is a rare, severe type of hemorrhagic fever which affects both humans and nonhuman primates. Imported case of marburg hemorrhagic fever colorado, 2008. The five species of ebola virus are the only other known members of the filovirus family.
Viral hemorrhagic fevers lassa, marburg, ebola, crimean. Risk factors for marburg hemorrhagic fever, democratic. Multiple insertions of the virus into the population w. The mystery disease in south sudan has not been identified but is known to cause fever and unexplained bleeding. The viral structure is typical of filoviruses, with long threadlike particles which have a consistent diameter but vary greatly in length from an average of 800. Marburg virus is the causative agent of marburg haemorrhagic fever mhf, a disease with a case fatality ratio of up to 88%. Marburg hemorrhagic fever marburg hf is a rare, severe type of hemorrhagic fever which affects both humans and nonhuman primates. Marburg haemorrhagic fever who regional office for africa. Marburg haemorrhagic fever was initially detected in 1967 after simultaneous outbreaks in marburg, from which the disease takes its name, and frankfurt in germany.
Similar to the more widely known ebola hemorrhagic fever, mhf is characterized by systemic viral replication, immunosuppression and abnormal inflammatory. Oct 07, 2014 three days after a fatal case of marburg hemorrhagic fever was diagnosed in uganda, 99 people have been quarantined in four different locations across the east african country, as field. Viral hemorrhagic fevers vhfs are a diverse group of animal and human illnesses in which fever and hemorrhage are caused by a viral infection. It is caused by the so called marburg virus marburg is the city where it was first recognized. Forty years ago, in early august 1967, the first filovirus ever detected, marburg virus, made its appearance in europe, causing severe and often fatal hemorrhagic fever in laboratory workers in marburg and frankfurt and, about 4 weeks later, in belgrade. A viral hemorrhagic fever is an alternate theory of the cause of the black death and the plague of justinian. Marburg hemorrhagic fever fact sheet last updated may 5, 2010 what is marburg hemorrhagic fever. Marburg virus disease was initially detected in 1967 after simultaneous outbreaks in marburg and frankfurt in germany. Questionnaires were administered and serum samples tested for marburgspecific antibodies by enzymelinked immunosorbent assay. Risk factors for marburg hemorrhagic fever, democratic republic of the congo.
Similar to ebola virus, marburg hemorrhagic fever is a very rare but dangerous type of hemorrhagic fever that affects both humans and primates. We strongly recommend that you talk with a trusted. For marburg and ebola that element is the niemannpick c1 npc1 membrane protein 1. Life cycle of the dengue fever virus hhmi biointeractive video duration. The first documented outbreak of this disease was in 1967 in germany and yugoslavia which is currently known as serbia 2. Schmitzrapid detection and quantification of rna of ebola and marburg viruses, lassa virus, crimeancongo hemorrhagic fever virus, rift valley fever virus, dengue virus, and yellow fever virus by realtime reverse transcriptionpcr. The responsible pathogen, marburg virus, is a member of the filoviridae family along with the ebola virus 1. In western countries, marburg hemorrhagic fever mhf is an imported disease with a low risk of occurrence, but it has a high profile in the public mind because it can be transmitted from person to person, the course is fatal in up to 80% of cases, and the reservoir is uncertain 2,3. Marburg hemorrhagic fever view pdf 2kb what is marburg hemorrhagic fever. Marburg hemorrhagic fever outbreak occurred in germany and yugoslavia in 1967, among laboratory workers who had been exposed to tissues from imported african green vervet monkeys cercopithecus aethiops. An outbreak of marburg hemorrhagic fever in the democratic republic of the congo between 1998 and 2000 had a case fatality rate of 83 percent. A maculopapular rash may be noted early in the clinical course in some forms of vhf notably in ebola and marburg hemorrhagic fevers. Marburg virus is a hemorrhagic fever virus of the filoviridae family of viruses and a member of the species marburg marburgvirus, genus marburgvirus. Infected humans can spread the virus to each other through contact with contaminated objects or blood.
Background diagnosis of viral hemorrhagic fever vhf must be made by a physician. Given that only a few organizations are involved in providing clinical care to patients with filoviral hemorrhagic fever, it should be possible to agree on what data need to be collected and which tools to use. All types of vhf are characterized by fever and bleeding disorders and all can. Mvd is a viral hemorrhagic fever vhf, and the clinical symptoms are indistinguishable from ebola virus disease evd. The infection is caused by the marburg virus marv, an. Marburg virus disease is caused by viruses that produce symptoms of fever, chills, headaches and muscle aches early in the disease. Response to imported case of marburg hemorrhagic fever, the netherlands article pdf available in emerging infectious diseases 158. Forty years of marburg virus the journal of infectious.
The world health organization who rates it as a risk. Mar 16, 2017 viral hemorrhagic fevers vhfs are a group of febrile illnesses caused by rna viruses from several viral families. Similar to the more widely known ebola hemorrhagic fever, mhf is characterized by systemic viral replication, immunosuppression and abnormal inflammatory responses. Viral hemorrhagic fevers vhfs are a group of febrile illnesses caused by rna viruses from several viral families. Pdf response to imported case of marburg hemorrhagic fever. Once the marburg virion attaches, the virion envelop fuses with the cellar membrane and then the nucleocapsid is released into the cytosol. Fifteen 2% of 912 participants in a general village crosssectional antibody survey. Marburg hemorrhagic fever is a rare, severe type of hemorrhagic fever, which affects both humans and nonhuman primates.
Marburg hemorrhagic fever marburg hf is a rare, severe type of hemorrhagic fever which affects both humans and nonhuman. By who, rxpg as of 7 april, 205 cases of marburg haemorrhagic fever have been reported in angola. Marburg virus belongs to the genus marburgvirus in the family filoviridae and causes a severe hemorrhagic fever, known as marburg hemorrhagic fever mhf, in both humans and nonhuman primates. Fortunately, the disease, marburg hemorrhagic fever, was limited to a small geographic area, but the devastation of lives was much greater than that of many epidemics and was a warning of the numerous factors, including fear, lack of understanding, and deception, that can exacerbate the spread of disease and hinder implementation of restraints. Marburg virus disease, also known as marburg hemorrhagic fever, is a severe illness with a high mortality rate. This protein mediates infection by binding to the viral envelope glycoprotein.
Thomas, benjamin jeffs, pascoal nascimento folo, pedro pablo palma, bengi moco henrique, luis villa, fernando paixao damiao machado, oscar bernal, steven m. Though caused by different viruses, the two diseases are clinically similar. Caused by a genetically unique zoonotic that is, animalborne rna virus of the filovirus family, its recognition led. Marburg virus share this page marburg virus belongs to the genus marburgvirus in the familyfiloviridae and causes a severe hemorrhagic fever, known as marburg hemorrhagic fever mhf, in both humans and nonhuman primates. Marburg and ebola viruses are the two members of the filoviridae family. Mysterious hemorrhagic fever in south sudan stumps disease. Ebola and marburg haemorrhagic fever sciencedirect. Cdc viral hemorrhagic fevers emergency preparedness. The initial, and currently only, outbreak of lujo virus in septemberoctober 2008 left 45 patients dead. Marburg virus disease mvd formerly known as marburg haemorrhagic fever was first identified in 1967 during epidemics in marburg and frankfurt in germany and belgrade in the former yugoslavia from importation of infected monkeys from uganda. Rollin viral special pathogens branch, the centers for disease control and prevention, atlanta, georgia, united states of america abstract. Disease onset is sudden, with fever, chills, headache, and myalgia. Zaire province has reported its first 6 cases, bringing the number of affected provinces to seven, all concentrated in the northwestern part of. Ebola hemorrhagic fever ehf and marburg hemorrhagic fever mhf are rare viral diseases, endemic to central africa.
Strong, heinz feldmann, matthias borchert, factors associated with marburg hemorrhagic fever. Testing of a later sample has also shown equivocal results for previous infection, so more detailed testing of both samples was conducted and it was confirmed that the patients illness was due to marburg hemorrhagic fever virus. Marburg hemorrhagic fever starts as a nonspecific febrile illness but rapidly progresses to include hemorrhagic complications and, in the most severe cases, a septic shocklike syndrome. Marburg virus marv causes marburg virus disease in humans and nonhuman primates, a form of viral hemorrhagic fever. Common presenting complaints are fever, myalgia, and prostration, with headache, pharyngitis. A viral hemorrhagic fever is a possible cause of the plague of athens during the peloponnesian war. Response to imported case of marburg hemorrhagic fever. Triggered by a genetically special zoonotic that is, animalborne rna virus of the filovirus family, its recognition led to the development of this virus family. The marburg virus is a genetically unique zoonotic that is, animalborne rna virus of the filovirus family, and its recognition led to the creation of this virus family. Humans initially contract an infection with a haemorrhagic fever virus through exposure to rodents or insects for ebola and marburg vhfs, the natural reservoir is. The virus that causes marburg hemorrhagic fever, a disease which affects both humans and nonhuman primates. Marburg virus was first recognized in 1967, when outbreaks of hemorrhagic fever occurred simultaneously in laboratories in marburg and frankfurt, germany and in belgrade, yugoslavia now serbia. Bleeding manifestations occur in variable proportions of patients eg, in about 30% of patients with ebola or marburg hemorrhagic fever and in only about 1% of patients with rift valley fever. Marburg hemorrhagic fever genetic and rare diseases.
How to recognize marburg hemorrhagic fever symptoms. Other symptoms vary by the type of viral hemorrhagic fever but often include fever, malaise, muscle aches, vomiting, and shock. The python cave is a popular destination among tourists to see the batinfested cave. Marburg hemorrhagic fever in durba and watsa, democratic. Reston ebolavirus occurs in the philippines, and has also been reported in prrs virusinfected pigs from a 2008 outbreak in china. Viral hemorrhagic fever, any of a variety of highly fatal viral diseases that are characterized by massive external or internal bleeding or bleeding into the skin. We strongly recommend that you talk with a trusted healthcare.
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